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Saint Kitts and Nevis (2004)
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| Administrative divisions | 14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 28.6% (male 5,675; female 5,422)
15-64 years: 63% (male 12,242; female 12,236) 65 years and over: 8.4% (male 1,349; female 1,912) (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish |
| Airports | 2 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)
land: 261 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | First settled by the British in 1623, the islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. Nevis is once more trying to separate from the Saint Kitts. |
| Birth rate | 18.26 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $89.7 million
expenditures: $128.2 million, including capital expenditures of $19.5 million (2003 est.) |
| Capital | Basseterre |
| Climate | tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November) |
| Coastline | 135 km |
| Constitution | 19 September 1983 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
conventional short form: Saint Kitts and Nevis former: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Death rate | 8.65 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | $171 million (2001) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Izben Cordinal WILLIAMS
chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 686-2636 FAX: [1] (202) 686-5740 consulate(s) general: New York |
| Disputes - international | joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea |
| Economic aid - recipient | $8 million (2001) |
| Economy - overview | Sugar was the traditional mainstay of the Saint Kitts economy until the 1970s. Although the crop still dominates the agricultural sector, activities such as tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking have assumed larger roles in the economy. As tourism revenues are now the chief source of the islands' foreign exchange, a decline in stopover tourist arrivals following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks has eroded government finances. The opening of a 1,000+ bed Marriott hotel in February 2003 was expected to bring in much-needed revenue. |
| Electricity - consumption | 93.26 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | 100.3 million kWh (2001) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese |
| Exchange rates | East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Cuthbert Montraville SEBASTIAN (since 1 January 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general |
| Exports | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Exports | $70 million (2002 est.) |
| Exports | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco |
| Exports - partners | US 61.4%, UK 15.7%, Canada 8.6%, Germany 4.3% (2003) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year |
| Flag description | divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $339 million (2002 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 3.5%
industry: 25.8% services: 70.7% (2001) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $8,800 (2002 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | -1.9% (2002 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 17 20 N, 62 45 W |
| Geography - note | with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a three-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island |
| Highways | total: 320 km
paved: 136 km unpaved: 184 km (1999 est) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; some money-laundering activity |
| Imports | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Imports | $195 million (2002 est.) |
| Imports | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery, manufactures, food, fuels |
| Imports - partners | US 35.7%, Italy 16.1%, Trinidad and Tobago 14.5%, UK 6.4%, Denmark 5.2%, Canada 4.4% (2003) |
| Independence | 19 September 1983 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA |
| Industries | sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 14.94 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 16.72 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 1.7% (2001 est.) |
| International organization participation | ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, MIGA, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis) |
| Labor force | 18,170 (June 1995) |
| Labor force - by occupation | NA |
| Land boundaries | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 19.44%
permanent crops: 2.78% other: 77.78% (2001) |
| Languages | English |
| Legal system | based on English common law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 25 October 2004 (next to be held by 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 7, CCM 2, NRP 1, PAM 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 71.86 years
male: 69.03 years female: 74.86 years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1980 est.) |
| Location | Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin |
| Merchant marine | none |
| Military branches | Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (including Coast Guard), Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force (including Special Service Unit) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 19 September (1983) |
| Nationality | noun: Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)
adjective: Kittitian, Nevisian |
| Natural hazards | hurricanes (July to October) |
| Natural resources | arable land |
| Net migration rate | -7.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA |
| Population | 38,836 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA |
| Population growth rate | 0.25% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Basseterre, Charlestown |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2004) |
| Railways | total: 50 km
narrow gauge: 50 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations during harvest season (2003) |
| Religions | Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: good interisland and international connections
domestic: inter-island links to Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radiotelephone international: country code - 1-869; international calls are carried by radiotelephone to Antigua and Barbuda and switched there to submarine cable or to Intelsat; or carried to Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) by radiotelephone and switched to Intelsat |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 23,500 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 5,000 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (plus three repeaters) (2004) |
| Terrain | volcanic with mountainous interiors |
| Total fertility rate | 2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 4.5% (1997) |
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